Are having Cats/kittens as pets diffrent as having Dogs/puppies.?

Okay ever since I was little I've only had dogs not cats a shar pei a Shi tzu and a mini Schnauzer and to be honest the most well behaved neutral non barking quiet relaxed non biting gentle never bit my younger brother when he was 3 thank god was the Shi tzu my current dog which I love with all heart is so rambunctious mischievous, spoiled hes a puppy but is like 8 months old and not potty trained and the shar pei I had was dennis the menace. I know about dogs personalities and there needs and there tendencies and how they yelp when there puppies at night that they need to get neutered that they are protective. But I never owned a cat heres my list of questions about them. Are they similar do dogs. Do they cry when they are kittens and alone like puppies. Do they ever go out. Do they drink milk. Are there any that are good with mini crazy hyper schnauzers. Do the need to be trained . Are they obedient. Do they like to cuddle like puppies. Do they bite like dogs or scratch sometimes. I know that kittens and dogs need litter boxes scratching posts. Why do some cats walk out at night by themselves should I let my cat go out by itself at night. Are there any that don't shed fur and wont hurt your allergies to them.